Definition of abortion
Abortion can be defined as, "A procedure to end a pregnancy. It uses medicine or surgery to remove the embryo or fetus and placenta from the uterus" (MedlinePlus). The two options for abortion are either medical or surgical. A medical abortion has two options: (1) Therapeutic abortion, which is done because the woman has a medical condition and (2) Elective abortion, which is done because the woman chooses to end the pregnancy. Surgical abortion uses surgery to end the pregnancy.
Reference:
Abortion. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/abortion.html
Statistics on Abortion
summary: Anti-abortion group presses ahead despite recent supreme court ruling
A recent ruling in Texas reaffirmed constitutional protections for abortion rights, coming down on an obstructive Texas law that could have drastically reduced the number of abortion clinics in the state. Leaders of Texas’ largest anti-abortion group are continuously trying for more restrictions on abortion. The group still remains confident in their approach to challenge the Roe vs. Wade case. They plan to emphasize less on rules for safety of the clinic and more on the ethical issue of humanity of the unborn child. The National Right to Life and its partners plan to give the highest level of priority to two specific measures: (1) Promote state and federal bans on abortion at 20 weeks after conception and (2) Outlaw the second trimester abortion of a form of dilation and evacuation.
The Supreme Court ruled on June 27, 2016 that the harsh clinic and physician regulations in Texas were unconstitutional. The regulations in Texas required doctors to have admitting privileges at local hospitals and required clinics to meet the physical and employment prerequisites of surgery centers, which protected women’s health. But it was shown that the state neglected to show benefits for women’s health and safety, which resulted in several clinics shutting down. Therefore, the court placed an illegal burden on women’s right to abortion up to the point that the fetus is feasible outside of the womb.
The ruling, Whole Woman’s Health vs. Hellerstedt, has resulted in the courts hindering similar clinic and physician rules in other states. The court made it clear that in order for abortion restrictions to take place there has to be significant evidence that proves the claim.
Reference:
Eckholm, E. (2016, July, 9). Anti-abortion group presses ahead despite recent Supreme Court ruling. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/10/us/anti-abortion-group-supreme-court-ruling.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FAbortion
CDC's Statistics on abortion
According to the CDC, 2012 had the following statistics related to abortion:
- 699,202 legal abortions from 49 areas
- The abortion rate was 13.2 abortions per 1,000 women between the ages of 15-44 years old
- The abortion ratio was 210 abortions per 1,000 live births
- Between 2011 and 2012 reported abortions decreased 4% and abortion rate decreased 5%
- Between 2011 and 2012 reported abortions decreased 4% and abortion rate decreased 5%
- From 2003 to 2012 the following three decreased in reported abortions: number (17%), rate (18%), and ratio (14%)
- 20.8% of abortions were medical abortions
The majority of abortions took place early on into the pregnancy:
- 91.4% of abortions were performed at ≤ 13 weeks’ gestation
- 7.2% of abortions were formed at 14-20 weeks’ gestation
- 1.3% were performed at ≥ 21 weeks’ gestation
Reference:
Data and Statistics. (2016, March 30). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/data_stats/
Pro Life vs. Pro Choice
Reference:
Pitts, Jr. L. (2016, February 13). Leonard Pitts Jr.: Pro-choice, but also anti-abortion. Miami Herald. Retrieved from http://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/leonard-pitts-jr/article60122306.html
Sara Weddington: Roe vs. Wade winning attorney
Reference:
Retrieved from https://65.media.tumblr.com/0d60bb1a8a95f82a57c78f969806c448/tumblr_o1dajrka2d1qzh7bfo1_500.png
Roe vs. Wade
On January 22, 1973, the United States Supreme Court made its historical decision in the case of Roe vs. Wade. This decision identified that the Constitution allows women to make their own medical decisions. When a woman chooses to have an abortion, it lies within her zone of privacy and her rights are ultimately protected by the Constitution. At the time the court reviewed the abortion laws dating back to ancient Greece. There were three reasons for banning abortions: "A Victorian social concern to discourage illicit sexual conduct; protecting the health of women; and protecting prenatal life. The Court rejected the first two justifications as irrelevant given modern gender roles and medical technology. As for the third justification, the Court argued that prenatal life was not within the definition of "persons" as used and protected in the U.S. Constitution and that America's criminal and civil laws only sometimes regard fetuses as persons deserving protection” (McBride, 2006).
Reference:
McBridge, A. Roe v. Wade (1973). Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_roe.html
Summary: US abortion debate: both sides speak
This video provides a look at two women who speak about their views on being pro choice and pro life. In the first video, a young woman speaks about her experience of going through with her abortion because she knew she wasn't prepared for motherhood at the time. She still feels at peace with her choice and is content. The second video provides a look in the life of woman who organizes anti-abortion rallies and heading the March for Life Education and and Defense Fund, who strongly believes in pro-life.
Reference:
BBC News. (2015, October 15). US abortion debate: both sides speak. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34611878
What does it mean to be pro-choice or pro-life
When a person identifies him/herself with being pro-choice, he/she believes that it's a woman's right to choose abortion and it shouldn’t be limited to authority from one's religion or government. When a person identifies him/herself with being pro-life, he/she believes life begins at conception and by having an abortion is the act of killing an innocent human being. A main concern is that an abortion is intentionally causing pain on the unborn child. Also, that it's cruel to allow abortion when there are couples who cannot biologically conceive and want to adopt.
Summary: "A Better way to talk about abortion"
In "A Better Way to Talk about Abortion", Aspen Baker speaks about her experience as a recent college graduate and being unsure of her pregnancy. Luckily, her friend, Polly, gave her the gift of: Knowing she's not alone and that abortion is a topic that can be spoken about by all. She speaks about the gap that happens between real life and politics. Overall, she realizes there are many issues that cannot be spoken about openly. Sixteen years ago she co-founded an organization called Exhale where women and men could call in for emotional support in reference to abortions. They didn't think it was right for women to pick sides, so they created "pro-voice."
Pro-voice focuses on a variety of issues besides abortion that may be hard to speak out such as immigration, religious tolerance and violence against women. Baker suggests two ways to help when speaking about a difficult conversation with another person: (1) Listen closely and (2) Share stories. If you listen to another person, you can hear things that will allow a shift in perception. In order to be a good listener you can ask open-ended questions, such as, “How are you feeling?” or “What was that like for you?” Another thing is to use reflective language. If someone is speaking to you about a personal experience, use the same words as them. For example, when speaking about an abortion, if the person uses the word abortion, then you can also use abortion. By using reflective language you're letting the other person know that you're interested in them as a person and the experience they’re currently going through. Another way to be pro-voice is to share stories. When you share a story, it's important to remember that not everyone will make the same decisions as you, which is acceptable. In return, empathy evolves and you're able to put yourself in someone else’s situation. Being empathetic doesn’t mean we as people have to be on the same page, but it allows a thinking where we can respect one another and are free to speak. Pro-voice is about being able to speak about politicized and stigmatized issues by having support and respect for all.
Reference:
Baker, A. (2015 May) A better way to talk about abortion. Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/aspen_baker_a_better_way_to_talk_about_abortion
Summary: The courts begin to call out lawmakers
Legislatures have been called out in reference to abortions because previously the consequences of women's' decisions have been viewed as the basis, rather than how the courts are approaching their task. For example, Justice Stephen G. Breyer observed the ways Texas enforced abortions laws, which were not administered on more unsafe medical procedures. Childbirth is fourteen times more likely than abortion to result in death but Texas allows a midwife to supervise childbirth in the patient’s home. Abortion regulations seem to be stringent than other outpatient medical procedures such as liposuction as an example.
Reference:
Greenhouse, L. (2016, August 18). The courts begin to call out lawmakers. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/18/opinion/the-courts-begin-to-call-out-lawmakers.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FAbortion&action=click&contentCollection=timestopics®ion=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=1&pgtype=collection